The effect of different planting density on crop yield and quality
The planting density of crops is closely related to the group size, light energy utilization and yield, and is one of the important cultivation techniques in agricultural production. Xu Guimin et al. studied the effect of different densities on the yield of greenhouse tomato cultivation, and found that the high density treatment of plant height, long internodes, the performance of futile, single fruit weight is low, fruit growth is weak, and the rate of fruiting is reduced, but the early yield is higher, but the planting density is too large to inhibit the growth of tomato seedlings, especially the expansion of the leaf area, increase the content of chlorophyll per unit area of the leaf, and inhibit the transport of soluble sugars to the outside, and then inhibit the soluble sugars in the leaf, so as to increase the quality and yield of the crop. The increase in chlorophyll content per unit leaf area inhibited the transportation of soluble sugars out of the leaves, which in turn inhibited photosynthesis. The study showed that with the increase of planting density, the plant height and leaf area showed a tendency of increasing and then decreasing, and the average quality of single fruit also decreased gradually. At the same time, it was found that during the different reproductive periods of the crop, the differences in light intensity in the upper layer of different planting density groups were not significant, but the light intensity in the middle and lower layers, especially in the middle layer of the spike, was more different, which was negatively correlated between the light intensity and the planting density. Jiang et al. found that planting density not only affected the proportion of dry matter distribution between nutrient organs and fruits, but also had a certain effect on the distribution of matter among nutrient organs. The group yield and dry matter accumulation increased significantly after the increase of planting density, while the yield and dry matter accumulation of single plant were vice versa. Only reasonably dense planting can ensure higher net photosynthetic rate and higher dry matter accumulation, which is favorable to the formation of plant yield and quality.
The effect of different harvesting periods on crop yield and quality.
With the rapid development of lettuce factory cultivation technology, the yield has increased year by year. However, due to the different needs of consumers, the harvesting period of lettuce also has higher requirements, harvesting too early, lettuce can not fully grow, the quality is low, which affects the taste; if the harvest is too late, lettuce aging, the quality of the lettuce, reducing the nutritional value and commercial value, resulting in substantial economic losses, seriously affecting the sustainable development of its industry. Li Hongjian et al. apple research found that the apple fruit harvest period of different, affect the fruit storage resistance and commodity value, fruit harvest period is too early, due to the fruit is not fully developed, the internal accumulation of substances is insufficient, weight loss and decay rate is higher, harvest period is too late, due to the country is the internal enzyme activity of the material content is higher, the rate of material degradation accelerated, water loss, quality reduction. Xu Dongmei on lettuce after the application of nitrogen fertilizer yield quality changes in the study found that the application of nitrogen fertilizer after 20d is lettuce, the ideal harvesting period. According to crop variety, quality and market time to determine the optimal harvesting period of the crop, so as to ensure higher yield and quality.
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Purpose and significance of the study
Using lettuce as the research material, on the basis of the results of pre-research, using different ratios of various wavelength types of LED (Light-emitting Diode) spectrum and energy ratio combination for irradiation, in the environmentally controllable plant factory, accurate and quantitative modulation to obtain the distribution of different spectral energy, set up the growth of the plot test, collect and analyze the data, systematic study of the impact of different spectral energies on the growth, development, yield and quality of lettuce, elucidate the physiological mechanisms of different light ratios of spectral energy distribution on photosynthesis, yield and quality formation; establish the regulation of the light environment in the facility, and the physiological mechanisms of lettuce. The effect of different spectral energies on the growth and development of lettuce, yield and quality is studied systematically to elucidate the physiological mechanism of the effect of spectral energy distribution of different light ratios on the formation of photosynthesis and yield and quality of lettuce; to establish a strategy for regulating the light environment of the facility and a light control benchmark, and provide a theoretical basis and a standard for the appropriate replenishment of light and reasonable improvement of the light environment of the facility; to put forward a method of modulation of the spectral energy distribution based on the growth needs of lettuce and the key parameters, and provide a basis for the development of a special high-efficiency light source for replenishment of light in the facility. The method and key parameters of spectral energy distribution modulation based on the growth demand of lettuce were proposed to provide basic data for the development of high efficiency light sources for facility fill light.
On the basis of the study of spectral energy distribution on lettuce growth, adopt the optimal lighting light control technology and light control standards, set up different lettuce planting densities in plant factories with controlled environments, set up growth plot experiments, collect and analyze data, systematically study the effects of different planting densities on the growth and development of lettuce and its yield and quality, elucidate the physiological mechanism of the effects of different planting densities on the photosynthesis of lettuce and its yield and quality, and provide basic data for the development of special high-efficiency light sources for light supplementation in the facilities.
On the basis of the study of spectral energy distribution and planting density on lettuce growth, the optimal lighting light control standard and the most suitable planting density were adopted, and different lettuce harvesting periods were set up in an environmentally controllable plant factory to set up a growth plot test, collect and analyze the data, and systematically study the differences in lettuce yield and quality at different harvesting periods, so as to provide reference for the optimal harvesting period of lettuce in plant factories.
Through the research on the most efficient spectrum, energy distribution, optimal planting density and optimal harvesting period of lettuce in plant factories, we can provide systematic reference and data support for lettuce plant factory cultivation, and provide theoretical references for reducing the energy consumption of plant factories, increasing the economic benefits, efficiently utilizing the limited light source, and optimizing the artificial cultivation and production system.
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